{"id":70,"date":"2024-05-08T16:08:10","date_gmt":"2024-05-08T16:08:10","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/oltuasm.com\/?page_id=70"},"modified":"2024-05-08T16:29:43","modified_gmt":"2024-05-08T16:29:43","slug":"aile-hekimliginin-ulkemizde-gelisimi","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"http:\/\/oltuasm.com\/?page_id=70","title":{"rendered":"Aile Hekimli\u011finin \u00dclkemizde Geli\u015fimi"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

1960’dan sonra Sa\u011fl\u0131k ve Sosyal Yard\u0131m Bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 M\u00fcste\u015farl\u0131\u011f\u0131’na atan Prof. Dr. Nusret F\u0131\u015fek 224 say\u0131l\u0131 Sa\u011fl\u0131k Hizmetlerinin Sosyalle\u015ftirilmesi Yasas\u0131’n\u0131 haz\u0131rlam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Sosyalle\u015ftirme Yasas\u0131, basamakl\u0131, adil, yayg\u0131n koruyucu ve tedavi edici sa\u011fl\u0131k hizmetlerinin bir arada, tam g\u00fcn ve hizmetin tek elden y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fclmesi ilkelerine dayanmaktad\u0131r. Ancak uygulamada baz\u0131 sorunlarla kar\u015f\u0131la\u015f\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Her \u015feyden \u00f6nce, yasa finansman deste\u011finden yoksun olarak \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bu sistemin s\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fclmesi i\u00e7in herkesin g\u00fcc\u00fc oran\u0131nda katk\u0131da bulundu\u011fu ancak gereksinimi oran\u0131nda yararland\u0131\u011f\u0131 bir sigorta sistemi d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fclerek finansman sorunu ba\u015ftan \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fclmeye \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131lm\u0131\u015f ancak 1968’de haz\u0131rlanan yasa tasar\u0131s\u0131 ile ba\u015far\u0131 sa\u011flanamam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Sosyalle\u015ftirme yasas\u0131yla ba\u011flant\u0131l\u0131 di\u011fer yasalar aras\u0131nda uyumsuzluklar, yasan\u0131n uygulanabilirli\u011fini etkilemi\u015ftir. Ayr\u0131ca yasan\u0131n kendisinin \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fclen de\u011ferlendirme ve g\u00fcncellemeleri yap\u0131lamam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

H\u0131zla artan kentle\u015fme nedeniyle zaman i\u00e7inde yasa, kent yakla\u015f\u0131m\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan yetersiz kalm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Ayr\u0131ca hekimlerin maddi kazan\u00e7, e\u011fitim ve sosyal y\u00f6nden yeterince desteklenmemesi de hizmet sunumuna etki eden di\u011fer bir fakt\u00f6r olmu\u015ftur.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Birinci basamakta \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan pratisyen hekimlerin \u00e7ok say\u0131da g\u00f6rev ve sorumlulu\u011funun olmas\u0131, \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma ortamlar\u0131n\u0131n geli\u015ftirilememesi, kariyer olanaklar\u0131n\u0131n olmamas\u0131, maa\u015flar\u0131n\u0131n yetersiz kalmas\u0131, s\u00fcrekli tip e\u011fitiminin yetersizli\u011fi gibi sorunlar, farkl\u0131 platformlarda 1980’lerden sonra vurgulanmaya ba\u015flanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Yukar\u0131da s\u0131ralanan ve burada bahsedilmeyen di\u011fer fakt\u00f6rlerden dolay\u0131, Prof. Dr. Nusret F\u0131\u015fek, 1985’te yay\u0131mlad\u0131\u011f\u0131 “Halk Sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131’na Giri\u015f” kitab\u0131nda iki \u00f6nemli ifade kullanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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  1. 1963-1965 y\u0131llar\u0131 aras\u0131nda ba\u015far\u0131 ile uygulanan sosyalle\u015ftirme 1966 y\u0131l\u0131ndan ba\u015flayarak ba\u015far\u0131s\u0131z bir uygulamaya d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015fm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  2. Kisiye y\u00f6nelik koruyucu hekimlik hizmetleri ile ayakta ve evde hasta tedavisi hizmetleri bir arada (entegre olarak) y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fclmelidir. (…) Entegre \u00f6rg\u00fctlenme modelinin en basiti \u00e7a\u011fda\u015f aile hekimli\u011fidir. \u00c7a\u011fda\u015f aile hekimi, ailedeki \u00e7ocuklar\u0131n periyodik muayenelerini ve a\u015f\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131 yapar. Annelere \u00e7ocuk bak\u0131m\u0131 \u00f6\u011fretir. Ya\u015fl\u0131lar\u0131n -varsa gebelerin- periyodik muayenelerini yapar ve gereken \u00f6nerilerde bulunur. Aile bireylerine sa\u011fl\u0131k, ev hijyeni ve ki\u015fisel hijyen konular\u0131nda e\u011fitim yapar. Evde hastalanan varsa onlar\u0131 tedavi eder veya gerekiyorsa bir uzmana veya hastaneye g\u00f6nderir. (Halk Sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131na Giri\u015f, Hacettepe Yay\u0131nlar\u0131, Ankara, 1985)<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n

    Bu d\u00f6nemde Aile Hekimli\u011fi ayr\u0131 bir uzmanl\u0131k dal\u0131 olarak 5 Temmuz 1983’te “Tababet Uzmanl\u0131k T\u00fcz\u00fc\u011f\u00fc’nde” yer ald\u0131. Gazi \u00dcniversitesi T\u0131p Fak\u00fcltesinde (Ankara) 1984 y\u0131l\u0131nda ilk aile hekimli\u011fi anabilim dal\u0131 kuruldu. Aile hekimli\u011fi uzmanl\u0131k e\u011fitimine 1985’te Sa\u011fl\u0131k Bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve SSK’ya ba\u011fl\u0131 e\u011fitim hastanelerinde ba\u015fland\u0131. 1993’te Y\u00fcksek \u00d6\u011fretim Kurumu 12547 say\u0131l\u0131 karar\u0131 ile t\u0131p fak\u00fcltelerinde aile hekimli\u011fi anabilim dallar\u0131n\u0131n kurulmas\u0131n\u0131 uygun buldu. 17 Eyl\u00fcl 1993’te Trakya \u00dcniversitesinde Aile Hekimli\u011fi Anabilim Dal\u0131 kurularak \u00fcniversitelerde Aile Hekimi asistan e\u011fitimi ba\u015flad\u0131. 1994 y\u0131l\u0131nda Ankara’da, 1996 y\u0131l\u0131ndan itibaren Adana, Bursa ve \u0130zmir’de Sa\u011fl\u0131k Bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 Aile Uygulama Merkezleri a\u00e7\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. 16.02.2006 tarihinde \u0130zmir, Aile Hekimli\u011fi Uygulamas\u0131nda Pilot \u0130l ilan edilmi\u015ftir. Bu tarihten itibaren Sa\u011fl\u0131k M\u00fcd\u00fcr\u00fcm\u00fcz Dr. Mehmet \u00d6ZKAN \u00f6nderli\u011finde Aile Hekimli\u011fi Pilot Uygulama \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131na ba\u015flanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Hastalara b\u00fct\u00fcnc\u00fcl yakla\u015facak, s\u00fcrekli takibini yapacak, bireysel hizmet verecek, tedavi edici hizmetlerin yan\u0131nda koruyucu hekimlik yapacak, bireysel bak\u0131mdan toplum sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 iyile\u015ftirmeye gidecek bir Aile Hekimli\u011fi, ilimizin sa\u011fl\u0131k g\u00f6stergelerinde olumlu y\u00f6nde de\u011fi\u015fiklikler yapacakt\u0131r.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

    1960’dan sonra Sa\u011fl\u0131k ve Sosyal Yard\u0131m Bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 M\u00fcste\u015farl\u0131\u011f\u0131’na atan Prof. Dr. Nusret F\u0131\u015fek 224 say\u0131l\u0131 Sa\u011fl\u0131k Hizmetlerinin Sosyalle\u015ftirilmesi Yasas\u0131’n\u0131 haz\u0131rlam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Sosyalle\u015ftirme Yasas\u0131, basamakl\u0131, adil, yayg\u0131n koruyucu ve tedavi edici sa\u011fl\u0131k hizmetlerinin bir arada, tam g\u00fcn ve hizmetin tek elden y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fclmesi ilkelerine dayanmaktad\u0131r. Ancak uygulamada baz\u0131 sorunlarla kar\u015f\u0131la\u015f\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Her \u015feyden \u00f6nce, […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":85,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"http:\/\/oltuasm.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/70"}],"collection":[{"href":"http:\/\/oltuasm.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"http:\/\/oltuasm.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/oltuasm.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/oltuasm.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=70"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"http:\/\/oltuasm.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/70\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":72,"href":"http:\/\/oltuasm.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/70\/revisions\/72"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/oltuasm.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/85"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"http:\/\/oltuasm.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=70"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}